Moscow (illustration)
Moscow (illustration)Thinkstock

Workers rounded up, businessmen questioned, a cultural center closed: the Turkish community in Russia appears to be under pressure a week after Ankara downed one of Moscow's jets, as Russia issued a new list of banned import foods on Tuesday.

There were still several hours to go before dawn when riot police and immigration officers descended on a dormitory for construction workers from Turkish firm Mebe just outside Moscow.

The officials hauled off around 400 workers - some Turkish and others from ex-Soviet Central Asia - to fingerprint them and conduct background checks.

"They said the check was due to national security," Mebe's deputy human resources director Irina Lebedeva told AFP on Tuesday. Eventually the laborers were let go, but the raid on Friday lasted all day and halted work at the company's sites.

"We hope this will not be repeated. It did disrupt our work," Lebedeva said. "Perhaps in the current situation it can be justified."

The crackdown on the Turkish construction firm is just one of a litany of moves against Turks or Turkish interests reported in Russia since Ankara blasted a Russian warplane out of the sky on the Turkey-Syria border last Tuesday.

The downing has sparked a furious war of words between Ankara and Moscow and a raft of Russian sanctions against Turkey including a ban on some food imports, stopping the sale of package holidays to the country and reinstating visas for Turkish visitors.

But before the Kremlin sanctions even enter into effect authorities across the country, fired up by fierce official rhetoric, have begun clamping down.

In three southern regions scores of Turks have detained for immigration irregularities, while in Krasnokamensk on the border with China three await deportation, local media reported.

Last Thursday in the southern city of Krasnodar 39 businessmen visiting an agricultural fair were questioned by police.

List of banned imports released

The crackdown comes even as the Russian government announced on Tuesday that it's embargo on some Turkish food - from tomatoes to turkey - will come into effect from the start of next year.

The government decree signed by Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev makes official the economic sanctions Russia had pledged to slap on Turkey in retaliation for the downing of a Russian Su-24 on the Syrian border last week.

The import of 17 food products - including tomatoes, onions, oranges, pears, peaches, salt and turkey - will be banned starting in 2016, the decree said.

But the ban - which does not apply to products brought into the country for personal consumption - steers clear of other foods Russia massively imports from Turkey, including lemons.

Consumer products manufactured in Turkey's light industry sector were also left out of the embargo.

Russia has halted charter flights between the two countries, stopped the sale of package holidays in Turkey and will scrap its visa-free regime for Turkish visitors from the start of 2016.

The government decree also restricts Turkish construction companies' ability to take part in tenders for Russian government contracts.

Moscow's partial embargo on Turkish produce and poultry has sparked fears that food prices - which have already dramatically increased because of spiraling inflation and Russia's ban on the import of Western food - could skyrocket.

Economists from Russia's Alfa Bank said Monday that an embargo on Turkish food products could increase inflation by 1.5 points, adding to a figure that already stands at annual rate of over 15%.

The government decree said authorities will closely monitor the price of the food products that have landed on the embargo list.

Travel warning

The Turkish Embassy in Russia said Sunday that it has been receiving complaints by Turks in the country of pressure from Russian authorities.

"The complaints come from businessmen, workers, students and ordinary people," Interfax quoted an embassy spokesperson as saying.

Turkey has indeed even warned its citizens against non-urgent travel to Russia until the situation calms down but that is likely more part of the diplomatic tit-for-tat than out of genuine security concerns.

The Kremlin estimates that there may be some 90,000 Turks working in the country and if you include their families and relatives the total number living in Russia could be up to 200,000.

It is not only businesses and workers that are being hit, cultural ties with Turkey have also suffered following the announcement of Moscow's sanctions against Turkey by President Vladimir Putin at the weekend.

A Turkey-focused research center at a major Moscow library has closed its doors, with staff saying they had no idea why the decision was taken.

The center served to support research on Turkey by PhD students, provided literature in Turkish and taught Ottoman Turkish language. No one at the library was available for comment about the reasons for the center's closure.

"All the planned round tables, lectures and conferences are cancelled," said a note on the website of the Russia-Turkish research center, based in Moscow's Foreign Languages Library. "Our center has closed."

AFP contributed to this report.