An uncertain calm rests upon Sderot at the moment. The sounds of war have disappeared, replaced by the sounds of a city slowly coming back to life. The click of the intercom followed by the voice that repeatedly said Tzeva Adom, followed by the rocket explosion a few seconds later, seems to be something of the past.

Reports on Palestinian terror activity in Gaza are constant reminders for Israelis in Sderot.

But daily news reports on Palestinian terror activity in Gaza are constant reminders for Israelis in Sderot and the western Negev that the calm remains seemingly temporary.

Israel declared a unilateral ceasefire on Saturday night, January 17 at 2:00 AM, which effectively ended Operation Cast Lead, a three-week offensive against Hamas. It was Israel's longest offensive against Hamas in the Gaza Strip, following two brief military offenses in the Gaza Strip in 2004 and 2006 in response to Kassam attacks that killed two Israeli children and sent several other civilians into shock.

Two days after the ceasefire was declared, Palestinian terrorists fired eight mortar shells at Israel on Tuesday morning, January 20. Palestinian militants also opened fire on IDF soldiers in Gaza. By Tuesday evening, the last of the IDF troops had pulled out of Gaza - before the inauguration of US President Barack Obama at 6:00 PM Israel-time.

On Tuesday, January 27, Palestinian terrorists carried out the first deadly attack on Israel since the ceasefire concluded. An Israeli soldier was killed on Tuesday morning when an explosive device set at the Kissufim crossing, along the Gaza Strip border, exploded as an IDF force patrolled the area. Another officer was seriously injured, with one leg amputated and another leg severely damaged. Two other soldiers suffered from extensive shrapnel wounds, but were categorized as lightly hurt. They remain hospitalized.

IDF sources stated that it was possible the attack was not carried out by Hamas, but by other Palestinian terror groups. However, government spokesman Mark Revev told AP that "Hamas unfortunately controls the Gaza Strip and is directly responsible for all hostile fire from Gaza into Israel." He called the attack "a deliberate act of provocation designed to undermine and torpedo the calm."

Also on Wednesday, a Kassam rocket fired from Gaza slammed into the western Negev, wounding no one. On Thursday, January 29, Sderot residents woke up to the sound of the Tzeva Adom alert around 5:00 in the morning, followed by a rocket explosion. The Kassam fell in an open field outside Sderot.

Throughout Wednesday, IDF forces pounded smuggling tunnels under Gaza's border with Egypt. According to Israeli intelligence, Hamas employed an estimated 250 tunnels on the Rafah border with Egypt. Approximately 80 percent of these tunnels had collapsed or were damaged in Israel Air Force raids during Operation Cast Lead, according to an article published in Ha'aretz on January 21, 2009. The Ha'aretz article also reported that Hamas holds approximately 2,000 to 3,000 rockets, of which 1,200 were destroyed by the IDF during the operation.

However, smuggling tunnels that remained undamaged in the war were speedily put into use hours after the IDF

Smuggling tunnels that remained undamaged in the war were speedily put into use.

completed its withdrawal from Gaza. AP television news footage showed, on January 21, that Palestinian workers were busy clearing blocked tunnels, and bulldozers were carrying out repairs, while petrol that had been smuggled through from Egypt was being used to fill a fuel truck.

The amounts of arms, weapons and rockets smuggled through the Gaza-Egyptian border dramatically increased after Israel disengaged from the Gaza Strip in August 2005. Thousands of guns, several hundred antitank rocket launchers, thousands of antitank rockets, and tons of explosives and antiaircraft missiles have entered the Gaza Strip.

Indeed, AP news reported on January 28 that President Obama's new Middle East envoy, George Mitchell, who made Israel his second stop in the region after Egypt, stated that the long-term Gaza truce must be based on an end to weapons smuggling by Hamas and the reopening of the territory's blockaded borders.

Sderot residents can only wait and anticipate what this ceasefire brings.